The effects of Modafinil are similar to those of traditional stimulants such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), but modafinil has a novel physiological mechanism different from other stimulants. After more than two decades of research, scientists are still trying to figure out just how it manipulates the brain.

The chemical name for modafinil is 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide. The molecular formula is C15H15NO2S. H3 antagonists are promising clinical candidates for the treatment of excessive day time sleepiness and/or cognitive disorders.

The R enantiomer of modafinil, called armodafinil, is sold under the name Nuvigil.

 

Before taking Modafinil, talk to your doctor about any medical conditions you may have, including if you:

• Are pregnant, are planning to become pregnant, or are currently breast-feeding; Modafinil is in pregnancy category C. It should only be used in pregnant or nursing women if the benefits outweigh the risks.
• Have high blood pressure or heart problems;
• Have liver or kidney problems;
• Have previously abused any stimulants or street drugs, such as cocaine;
• Have or have had a mental problem called psychosis;
• Are currently taking any medicines, including prescription and non-prescription drugs, vitamins, or herbal supplements; and,
• Drink large amounts of alcohol
  

While Modafinil is FDA-approved for narcolepsy, OSAHS and SWSD, many physicians are prescribing it for patients who do not suffer from one of these conditions but exhibit similar symptoms. It is estimated that most of the Modafinil use in the United States is "off-label".

Modafinil is being prescribed to millions of people for "off-label" or “lifestyle” uses, including:

• Age-related memory decline
• Attention deficit disorder
• Depression
• Fatigue caused by high-pressure jobs requiring long hours
• Fatigue caused by chemotherapy treatment for cancer patients
• Fatigue experienced by persons suffering from diseases such as multiple sclerosis
• Fatigue experienced by people who need to be awake and alert for extended amounts of times such as soldiers, truckers or students cramming for finals
• Jet lag
• Memory problems associated with Alzheimer’s disease
• Post-anesthesia grogginess
• Sleepiness caused by other prescription medications
• Treatment for cocaine addiction

Currently, many clinical trials are taking place to assess the effectiveness in using Modafinil to treat other conditions than EDS associated with narcolepsy, OSAHS and SWSD.

Modafinil for depression

Modafinil for Cerebral Palsy